Mono sodium phosphate monohydrate USP, also known by its chemical formula NaH₂PO₄·H₂O, is a crystalline compound widely used in pharmaceuticals and various industrial applications. It is a white, odorless, and hygroscopic powder, soluble in water. In the pharmaceutical industry, it serves primarily as a buffering agent, helping to maintain the pH of formulations within a specific range. This property makes it valuable in medications where pH stability is critical, such as in intravenous solutions and oral medications. Additionally, mono sodium phosphate monohydrate is utilized in the preparation of laxatives, where it acts as an osmotic agent to draw water into the intestine, facilitating bowel movements. Its ability to adjust pH and enhance solubility also extends its utility in analytical chemistry, where it is employed as a reagent in various tests and assays. Furthermore, in the food industry, it finds application as a food additive, serving as an emulsifier and stabilizer in processed foods. Due to its multifaceted properties and versatile applications, mono sodium phosphate monohydrate USP continues to be indispensable in both pharmaceutical and industrial sectors worldwide.